# Built from http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages MARC21 2003 ed. 6/10/2003 dfs. # Obsolete language codes are shown with an asterisk. # # Changes made for IUAG-CCAC by Lisa Zhao, 12-13-2004: # MARC Code List for Languages, web version of the 2003 ed., used as authority. # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages # Added to obsolete codes: USE + the language code to reference current code # Corrected the typo "Aljaia" to Aljamia # Did not find current code for discontinued languages: Aljamia and Eskimo languages # Shortened ?International Auxiliary Language Association? to ?Int. Aux. Lang. Assn.? # # Changes made for IUAG-CCAC by Jessica Gibson, 6/5/2006 # OCLC Technical Bulletin 252 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2006 Rev. May 24, 2006 and # MARC Code List for Languages Changes Approved since 2003 Edition as found at: # http://www.loc.gov/marc/langchg.html used as authority. # Added ain, alt, anp, byn, csb, dsb, fil frr, frs, gsw, hsb, jbo, krc, krl, mdf, mwl, # myv, nwc, rup, scn, srn, tlh, zxx # Changed chk=Truk to chk=Chuukese # Changed fry=Frisian to fry=Western Frisian # Changed kut=Kutenai to kut=Kootenai # Changed lam=Lamba to lam=Lamba (Zambia and Congo) # Changed ltz=Letzeburgesch to ltz=Luxembourgish # Inserted line breaks between lug and lui, lun and luo, and srr and ssa # Moved code fro to put codes in alphabetical order # # Changes made for IUG-ICAT by Marek Sroka and Jessica Gibson, 12/12/2007: # OCLC Technical Bulletin 254 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2007-May 2007 and # MARC Code List for Languages 2007 Edition (online) as found at: # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/language_code.pdf used as authority. # Added nqo=N'Ko # Added syc=Classical Syriac # Added zza=Zaza # Changed alt=Southern Altai to Altai # Changed bad=Banda to Banda languages # Changed frm=French, Middle (ca. 1400-1600) to French, Middle (ca. 1300-1600) # Changed fro=French, Old (ca. 842-1400) to French, Old (ca. 842-1300) # Changed fry=Western Frisian to Frisian # Changed kar=Karen to Karen languages # Changed kro=Kru to Kru (Other) # Changed syr=Syriac to Syriac, Modern # Changed wal=Walamo to Wolayta # Changed wen=Sorbian languages to Sorbian (Other) # Changed xal=Kalmyk to Oirat # Changed znd=Zande to Zande languages # Added zbl=Blissymbolics # # Changes made for IUG-ICAT by Jessica Gibson, 6/5/2009: # No Changes needed. # # Changes made for IUG-ICAT Jessica Gibson, 1/11/2010: # OCLC Technical Bulletin 257 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2009-July 2009 and # MARC Code List for Languages 2007 Edition (online) as found at: # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/language_code.pdf used as authority. # Added srp=Serbian # Added hrv=Croatian # Changed scc=Serbian to scc=*Serbian (use srp) # Changed scr=Croatian to scr=*Croatian (use hrv) # Changed mol=Moldavian to mol=*Moldavian (use rum) # # Changes made for IUG-ICAT by Jessica Gibson, 7/22/2010: # MARC Code List for Languages Part 2: Code Sequence (dated 5/6/2010) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/language_code.html used as authority. # Changed arg=Aragonese Spanish to arg=Aragonese # Changed chb=Chibchac to chb=Chibcha (typo?) # Changed gae=Scottish Gaelic to gae=Scottish Gaelix (typo?) # Changed him=Himachali to him=Western Pahari languages # Changed syc=Classical Syriac to syc=Syriac # # Changes made for IUG-ICAT by Jessica Gibson, 2/28/2012: # MARC Code List for Languages Part 2: Code Sequence (dated 2/13/2012) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/language_code.html used as authority. # Changed den=Slave to den=Slavey # Changed frr=Northern Frisian to frr=North Frisian (typo?) # Changed frs=Eastern Frisian to frs=East Frisian (typo?) # Changed kos=Kusaie to kos=Kosraean # Changed mas=Masai to mas=Massai # Changed pon=Ponape to pon=Pohnpeian # Changed was=Washo to was=Washoe # # Changes made for IUG-ICAT by Jessica Gibson, 8/28/2012: # MARC Code List for Languages, Changes since the 2007 edition, Part 1 (dated 4/5/2011) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/languagechg.html used as authority. # No changes needed. # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 8/6/2013: # MARC Code List for Languages, Changes since the 2007 edition, Part 1 (dated 4/5/2011) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/languagechg.html used as authority. # No changes needed. # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 10/31/2014: # MARC Code List for Languages, Changes since the 2007 edition, Part 3 (dated 11/22/2013) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/languagechg.html used as authority. Consulted 10/27/2014. # No known changes needed # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 6/5/2015: # MARC Format for Bibliographic Data, through Update 20 (April 2015), consulted 6/5/2015 # MARC Format for Holdings Data, through Update 20 (April 2015), consulted 6/5/2015 # MARC Format for Authority Data, through Update 20 (April 2015), consulted 6/5/2015 # Alexander Street Press MARC Records FAQ, consulted 6/5/2015 (http://alexanderstreet.com/discovery-and-marc-records-faq) # No known changes needed # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 9/25/2015: # OCLC Technical Bulletin 265 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2015 (July 2015) # Bibliographic Formats and Standards Fourth Edition October 2011 used as authority, consulted 9/25/2015 # No known changes needed # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 8/2/2016: # OCLC Technical Bulletin 266 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2016 (July 2016) # Bibliographic Formats and Standards Fourth Edition October 2011 used as authority, consulted 8/2/2016 # No known changes needed # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 8/3/2017-8/17/2017: # OCLC Technical Bulletin 267 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2017 (August 2017) # MARC Code List for Languages, Changes since the 2007 edition, Part 3 (dated 11/22/2013) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/languagechg.html used as authority. Consulted 8/17/2017 # No known changes needed # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 9/17/2018-9/21/2018 # OCLC Technical Bulletin 268 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2018 (September 2018) # MARC Code List for Languages, Changes since the 2007 edition, Part 3 (dated 11/22/2013) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/languagechg.html used as authority. Consulted 9/19/2018 # MARC Technical Notice (December 21, 2017). http://www.loc.gov/marc/tn171221.html Consulted 9/19/2018 # Added cnr=Montenegrin # # Changes made for I-Share by Ted Schwitzner, 7/7/2019 # OCLC Technical Bulletin 269 OCLC-MARC Format Update 2019 (May 2019) # MARC Code List for Languages, Changes since the 2007 edition, Part 3 (dated 11/22/2013) as found at # http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/languagechg.html used as authority. Consulted 7/7/2019 # No changes needed # #################### [Language] aar=Afar abk=Abkhaz ace=Achinese ach=Acoli ada=Adangme ady=Adygei afa=Afroasiatic (Other) afh=Afrihili (Artificial language) afr=Afrikaans ain=Ainu ajm=*Aljamia aka=Akan akk=Akkadian alb=Albanian ale=Aleut alg=Algonquian (Other) alt=Altai amh=Amharic ang=English, Old (ca. 450-1100) anp=Angika apa=Apache languages ara=Arabic arc=Aramaic arg=Aragonese arm=Armenian arn=Mapuche arp=Arapaho art=Artificial (Other) arw=Arawak asm=Assamese ast=Bable ath=Athapascan (Other) aus=Australian languages ava=Avaric ave=Avestan awa=Awadhi aym=Aymara aze=Azerbaijani bad=Banda languages bai=Bamileke languages bak=Bashkir bal=Baluchi bam=Bambara ban=Balinese baq=Basque bas=Basa bat=Baltic (Other) bej=Beja bel=Belarusian bem=Bemba ben=Bengali ber=Berber (Other) bho=Bhojpuri bih=Bihari bik=Bikol bin=Edo bis=Bislama bla=Siksika bnt=Bantu (Other) bos=Bosnian bra=Braj bre=Breton btk=Batak bua=Buriat bug=Bugis bul=Bulgarian bur=Burmese byn=Bilin cad=Caddo cai=Central American Indian (Other) cam=*Khmer (USE khm) car=Carib cat=Catalan cau=Caucasian (Other) ceb=Cebuano cel=Celtic (Other) cha=Chamorro chb=Chibcha che=Chechen chg=Chagatai chi=Chinese chk=Chuukese chm=Mari chn=Chinook jargon cho=Choctaw chp=Chipewyan chr=Cherokee chu=Church Slavic chv=Chuvash chy=Cheyenne cmc=Chamic languages cnr=Montenegrin cop=Coptic cor=Cornish cos=Corsican cpe=Creoles and Pidgins, English-based (Other) cpf=Creoles and Pidgins, French-based (Other) cpp=Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based (Other) cre=Cree crh=Crimean Tatar crp=Creoles and Pidgins (Other) csb=Kashubian cus=Cushitic (Other) cze=Czech dak=Dakota dan=Danish dar=Dargwa day=Dayak del=Delaware den=Slavey dgr=Dogrib din=Dinka div=Divehi doi=Dogri dra=Dravidian (Other) dsb=Lower Sorbian dua=Duala dum=Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350) dut=Dutch dyu=Dyula dzo=Dzongkha efi=Efik egy=Egyptian eka=Ekajuk elx=Elamite eng=English enm=English, Middle (1100-1500) epo=Esperanto esk=*Eskimo languages esp=*Esperanto (USE epo) est=Estonian eth=*Ethiopic (USE ges) ewe=Ewe ewo=Ewondo fan=Fang fao=Faroese far=*Faroese (USE fao) fat=Fanti fij=Fijian fil=Filipino fin=Finnish fiu=Finno-Ugrian (Other) fon=Fon fre=French fri=*Frisian (USE fry) frm=French, Middle (ca. 1300-1600) fro=French, Old (ca. 842-1300) frr=North Frisian frs=East Frisian fry=Frisian ful=Fula fur=Friulian gaa=Ga gae=*Scottish Gaelix (USE gla) gag=*Galician (USE glg) gal=*Oromo (USE orm) gay=Gayo gba=Gbaya gem=Germanic (Other) geo=Georgian ger=German gez=Ethiopic gil=Gilbertese gla=Scottish Gaelic gle=Irish glg=Galician glv=Manx gmh=German, Middle High (ca. 1050-1500) goh=German, Old High (ca. 750-1050) gon=Gondi gor=Gorontalo got=Gothic grb=Grebo grc=Greek, Ancient (to 1453) gre=Greek, Modern (1453- ) grn=Guarani gsw=Swiss German gua=*Guarani (USE grn) guj=Gujarati gwi=Gwich'in hai=Haida hat=Haitian French Creole hau=Hausa haw=Hawaiian heb=Hebrew her=Herero hil=Hiligaynon him=Western Pahari languages hin=Hindi hit=Hittite hmn=Hmong hmo=Hiri Motu hrv=Croatian hsb=Upper Sorbian hun=Hungarian hup=Hupa iba=Iban ibo=Igbo ice=Icelandic ido=Ido iii=Sichuan Yi ijo=Ijo iku=Inuktitut ile=Interlingue ilo=Iloko ina=Interlingua (Int. Aux. Lang. Assn.) inc=Indic (Other) ind=Indonesian ine=Indo-European (Other) inh=Ingush int=*Interlingua (Int. Aux. Lang. Assn.) (USE ina) ipk=Inupiaq ira=Iranian (Other) iri=*Irish (USE gle) iro=Iroquoian (Other) ita=Italian jav=Javanese jbo=Lojban (Artificial Language) jpn=Japanese jpr=Judeo-Persian jrb=Judeo-Arabic kaa=Kara-Kalpak kab=Kabyle kac=Kachin kal=Kalatdlisut kam=Kamba kan=Kannada kar=Karen languages kas=Kashmiri kau=Kanuri kaw=Kawi kaz=Kazakh kbd=Kabardian kha=Khasi khi=Khoisan (Other) khm=Khmer kho=Khotanese kik=Kikuyu kin=Kinyarwanda kir=Kyrgyz kmb=Kimbundu kok=Konkani kom=Komi kon=Kongo kor=Korean kos=Kusaie kpe=Kpelle krc=Karachay-Balkar krl=Karelian kro=Kru (Other) kru=Kurukh kua=Kuanyama kum=Kumyk kur=Kurdish kus=*Kusaie (USE kos) kut=Kootenai lad=Ladino lah=Lahnda lam=Lamba (Zambia and Congo) lan=*Occitan (post-1500) (USE oci) lao=Lao lap=*Sami (USE smi) lat=Latin lav=Latvian lez=Lezgian lim=Limburgish lin=Lingala lit=Lithuanian lol=Mongo-Nkundu loz=Lozi ltz=Luxembourgish lua=Luba-Lulua lub=Luba-Katanga lug=Ganda lui=Luiseno lun=Lunda luo=Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) lus=Lushai mac=Macedonian mad=Madurese mag=Magahi mah=Marshallese mai=Maithili mak=Makasar mal=Malayalam man=Mandingo mao=Maori map=Austronesian (Other) mar=Marathi mas=Maasai max=*Manx (USE glv) may=Malay mdf=Moksha mdr=Mandar men=Mende mga=Irish, Middle (ca. 1100-1550) mic=Micmac min=Minangkabau mis=Miscellaneous languages mkh=Mon-Khmer (Other) mla=*Malagasy (USE mlg) mlg=Malagasy mlt=Maltese mnc=Manchu mni=Manipuri mno=Manobo languages moh=Mohawk mol=*Moldavian (use rum) mon=Mongolian mos=Moore mul=Multiple languages mun=Munda (Other) mus=Creek mwl=Mirandese mwr=Marwari myn=Mayan languages myv=Erzya nah=Nahuatl nai=North American Indian (Other) nap=Neapolitan Italian nau=Nauru nav=Navajo nbl=Ndebele (South Africa) nde=Ndebele (Zimbabwe) ndo=Ndonga nds=Low German nep=Nepali new=Newari nia=Nias nic=Niger-Kordofanian (Other) niu=Niuean nno=Norwegian (Nynorsk) nob=Norwegian (Bokmal) nog=Nogai non=Old Norse nor=Norwegian nqo=N'Ko nso=Northern Sotho nub=Nubian languages nwc=Newari, Old nya=Nyanja nym=Nyamwezi nyn=Nyankole nyo=Nyoro nzi=Nzima oci=Occitan (post-1500) oji=Ojibwa ori=Oriya orm=Oromo osa=Osage oss=Ossetic ota=Turkish, Ottoman oto=Otomian languages paa=Papuan (Other) pag=Pangasinan pal=Pahlavi pam=Pampanga pan=Panjabi pap=Papiamento pau=Palauan peo=Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.) per=Persian phi=Philippine (Other) phn=Phoenician pli=Pali pol=Polish pon=Pohnpeian por=Portuguese pra=Prakrit languages pro=Provencal (to 1500) pus=Pushto que=Quechua raj=Rajasthani rap=Rapanui rar=Rarotongan roa=Romance (Other) roh=Raeto-Romance rom=Romani rum=Romanian run=Rundi rup=Aromanian rus=Russian sad=Sandawe sag=Sango (Ubangi Creole) sah=Yakut sai=South American Indian (Other) sal=Salishan languages sam=Samaritan Aramaic san=Sanskrit sao=*Samoan (USE smo) sas=Sasak sat=Santali scc=*Serbian (USE srp) scn=Sicilian Italian sco=Scots scr=*Croatian (USE hrv) sel=Selkup sem=Semitic (Other) sga=Irish, Old (to 1100) sgn=Sign languages shn=Shan sho=*Shona (USE sna) sid=Sidamo sin=Sinhalese sio=Siouan (Other) sit=Sino-Tibetan (Other) sla=Slavic (Other) slo=Slovak slv=Slovenian sma=Southern Sami sme=Northern Sami smi=Sami smj=Lule Sami smn=Inari Sami smo=Samoan sms=Skolt Sami sna=Shona snd=Sindhi snh=*Sinhalese (USE sin) snk=Soninke sog=Sogdian som=Somali son=Songhai sot=Sotho spa=Spanish srd=Sardinian srn=Sranan srp=Serbian srr=Serer ssa=Nilo-Saharan (Other) sso=*Sotho (USE sot) ssw=Swazi suk=Sukuma sun=Sundanese sus=Susu sux=Sumerian swa=Swahili swe=Swedish swz=*Swazi (USE ssw) syc=Syriac syr=Syriac, Modern tag=*Tagalog (USE tgl) tah=Tahitian tai=Tai (Other) taj=*Tajik (USE tgk) tam=Tamil tar=*Tatar (USE tat) tat=Tatar tel=Telugu tem=Temne ter=Terena tet=Tetum tgk=Tajik tgl=Tagalog tha=Thai tib=Tibetan tig=Tigre tir=Tigrinya tiv=Tiv tkl=Tokelauan tlh=Klingon (Artificial Language) tli=Tlingit tmh=Tamashek tog=Tonga (Nyasa) ton=Tongan tpi=Tok Pisin tru=*Truk (USE chk) tsi=Tsimshian tsn=Tswana tso=Tsonga tsw=*Tswana (USE tsn) tuk=Turkmen tum=Tumbuka tup=Tupi languages tur=Turkish tut=Altaic (Other) tvl=Tuvaluan twi=Twi tyv=Tuvinian udm=Udmurt uga=Ugaritic uig=Uighur ukr=Ukrainian umb=Umbundu und=Undetermined urd=Urdu uzb=Uzbek vai=Vai ven=Venda vie=Vietnamese vol=Volapuk vot=Votic wak=Wakashan languages wal=Wolayta war=Waray was=Washo wel=Welsh wen=Sorbian (Other) wln=Walloon wol=Wolof xal=Oirat xho=Xhosa yao=Yao (Africa) yap=Yapese yid=Yiddish yor=Yoruba ypk=Yupik languages zap=Zapotec zbl=Blissymbolics zen=Zenaga zha=Zhuang znd=Zande languages zul=Zulu zun=Zuni zxx=No Linguistic Content zza=Zaza